Nesta primeira dica descreverei em um passo a passo a instalação da tecnologia Nvidia optimus em laptops que possuem placas híbridas (Nvidia/Intel). Este guia funciona perfeitamente na distro LMDE 2.

Informações do sistema:

inxi -Fx

System:    Host: 4pr0p02 Kernel: 3.16.0-4-amd64 x86_64 (64 bit gcc: 4.8.4) Desktop: N/A 
           Distro: Debian  GNU/Linux 8 
Machine:   System: Dell product: Vostro 5470
           Mobo: Dell model: 0DW7DY v: A00 Bios: Dell v: A08 date: 04/24/2014
CPU:       Dual core Intel Core i5-4200U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB
           flags: (lm nx sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx) bmips: 9178 
           Clock Speeds: 1: 1600 MHz 2: 1646 MHz 3: 1349 MHz 4: 1049 MHz
Graphics:  Card-1: Intel Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller bus-ID: 00:02.0
           Card-2: NVIDIA GK208M [GeForce GT 740M] bus-ID: 09:00.0
           Display Server: X.Org 1.16.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: 1366x768@60.04hz
           GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 10.3.2 Direct Rendering: Yes
Audio:     Card-1 Intel 8 Series HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:1b.0 
           Card-2 Intel Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 00:03.0 
           Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: k3.16.0-4-amd64
Network:   Card-1: Intel Wireless 7260 driver: iwlwifi v: in-tree: bus-ID: 08:00.0
           IF: wlan0 state: up mac: fg:f8:a4:cd:89:8c
           Card-2: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
           driver: r8169 v: 2.3LK-NAPI port: 4000 bus-ID: 07:00.0
           IF: eth0 state: down mac: b8:cb:3a:ff:6d:79
           Card-3: Microsoft Xbox 360 Wireless Adapter usb-ID: 002-002
           IF: N/A state: N/A mac: N/A
Drives:    HDD Total Size: 750.2GB (8.7% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: Samsung_SSD_850 size: 250.1GB
           ID-2: USB /dev/sdb model: Expansion size: 500.1GB
Partition: ID-1: / size: 184G used: 58G (34%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda2 
           ID-2: swap-1 size: 4.00GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda1 
Sensors:   System Temperatures: cpu: 29.8C mobo: 27.8C 
           Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A 
Info:      Processes: 189 Uptime: 17 min Memory: 564.8/3870.7MB Init: systemd runlevel: 5 Gcc sys: 4.9.2 
           Client: Shell (bash 4.3.301) inxi: 2.1.28 

Configuração sources.list no Debian Jessie:

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list


Atualização do sistema:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install deb-multimedia-keyring && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Verifique se teu laptop suporta a tecnologia Optimus:

lspci | egrep 'VGA|3D'
ou
lspci | grep "VGA\|3D"

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 09)
09:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GK208M [GeForce GT 740M] (rev ff)

Observe que na saída do comando acima foi listado o chip-set Intel e a GPU Nvidia.

Instalação das dependências:

sudo apt-get install build-essential pkg-config help2man libx11-dev libbsd-dev libglib2.0-dev gcc

Instalação Virtualg:

wget -v https://sourceforge.net/projects/virtualgl/files/2.5/virtualgl_2.5_amd64.deb -P /tmp/
$ wget -v https://sourceforge.net/projects/virtualgl/files/2.5/virtualgl32_2.5_amd64.deb -P /tmp/
$ sudo dpkg -i /tmp/*.deb

Caso ocorra erros:

sudo apt-get -f install

Criação de links simbólicos dos binários:

sudo ln -s /opt/VirtualGL/bin/glxspheres /usr/local/bin/
$ sudo ln -s /opt/VirtualGL/bin/glxspheres64 /usr/local/bin/

Instalação driver Nvidia:

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils nvidia-glx nvidia-settings linux-headers-$(uname -r) bbswitch-dkms nvidia-kernel-dkms

Instalação Bumblebee:

sudo apt-get install bumblebee bumblebee-nvidia

Adicione seu usuário ao grupo Bumblebee:

su -
# adduser <seu-usuario> bumblebee
# usermod -a -G bumblebee <seu-usuario>

Reinicie o sistema:

sudo reboot

Testes e Benchmarks

Listar todos os pacotes que foram instalados:

dpkg --list | grep -i "nvidia\|primus"

Testes na placa Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT:

glxinfo | grep render
$ glxinfo | grep direct
$ glxinfo | grep OpenGL
$ glxgears
$ glxspheres64

Testes na placa NVIDIA Corporation GK208M [GeForce GT 740M]:

Para ativar o GPU Nvidia, precisamos executar o bumblebee pelo comando "optirun".

optirun glxinfo | grep render
$ optirun glxinfo | grep direct
$ optirun glxinfo | grep OpenGL
$ optirun -vvv glxgears
$ optirun glxspheres64

Nvidia settings:

optirun -b none nvidia-settings -c :8

Vídeo demonstração dos testes: [youtube]https://youtu.be/liuHiZiYY-s[/youtube] Referências:

• https://www.unixmen.com/how-to-make-nvidia-optimus-technology-work-properly-on-debian/
• http://www.thelinuxrain.com/articles/the-state-of-nvidia-optimus-on-linux
• https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki
• https://wiki.mageia.org/en/Bumblebee
• http://www.virtualgl.org/