Geração de códigos captcha em formulários HTML com PHP e PostgreSQL [PHP]

Geração de códigos captcha em formulários HTML com PHP e PostgreSQL

Publicado por Cláudio Souza Jr. (última atualização em 06/01/2015)

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Requerimentos:

- PostgreSQL 9.2
- Apache 2
- PHP 5 (5.4.35)
- NTP (facultativo)
- Extensões PHP: php5-gd e php5-pgsql
- A opção global "date.timezone" do "php.ini" foi configurada
- O navegador tem que suportar JavaScript.

Segue anexada a classe e os códigos dos demais arquivos.

Obs.: o path aqui no meu servidor é: "http://localhost/testes/php/classes_php/captcha_simples". Ao mudar isso, atente para o modo "3" do método "CriaCaptcha", em "classe.php".

Críticas construtivas, sugestões e análises são bem-vindas.

Esconder código-fonte

::: Código do arquivo index.php :::

<?php
include 'classe.php';
$Captcha = new Captcha();
$Captcha->Definicao(); ?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
        <title>Teste Captcha Simples</title>
        <link rel='icon' type='image/png' href=''>
        <link rel='stylesheet' href='style.css' type='text/css'>
    </head>
    <body onload="<?=$Captcha->body_onload?>" onunload="<?=$Captcha->body_onunload?>">
        <div class="corpo">
        <?php
        if($Captcha->passo == '1') {
            $Captcha->FormCaptcha($Captcha->passo, $Captcha->captcha_id, $Captcha->captcha_cod);
        }
        elseif($Captcha->passo == '2') {
            $Captcha->CriaCaptcha('1', $Captcha->captcha_id, $Captcha->captcha_cod);
        }?>
        </div>
        <script type="text/javascript" src="javascript.js"></script>
    </body>
</html>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
::: Código do arquivo captcha.php :::

<?php
header("Content-type: image/png");
include_once 'classe.php';
$captcha = new Captcha();
$captcha->CriaImgCaptcha($_SESSION['captcha_cod']);
?>

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
::: Código do arquivo style.css:::

.corpo {
    margin-left: 120px;
    margin-right: 120px;
    margin-top: 120px;
    padding-left: 120px;
    padding-right: 120px;
}
.input-text {
    border: solid 1px;
    border-color: #2f96b4;
    padding: 2px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
::: Código do arquivo javascript.js:::

/**
 * Script de validacao e funcoes genericas
 */
function RefreshThisPage(){
    window.location = window.location;
}
function SetFormData(){
    sessionStorage["captcha_cod"] = document.FormCaptcha.captcha_cod.value;
    sessionStorage["form_texto"] = document.FormCaptcha.form_texto.value;
}
function LoadFormData(){
    var captcha_cod = sessionStorage.captcha_cod;
    var form_texto = sessionStorage.form_texto;
    if (captcha_cod != undefined ||form_texto != undefined){
        document.FormCaptcha.captcha_cod.value = captcha_cod;
        document.FormCaptcha.form_texto.value = form_texto;
    }
}
function UnsetFormData(){
    sessionStorage.removeItem('captcha_cod');
    sessionStorage.removeItem('form_texto');
}
function ValidaForm(){
    if(document.FormCaptcha.form_texto.value === ""){
        alert('Informe o texto!');
        document.getElementById('form_texto').focus();
        return false;
    }
    if(document.FormCaptcha.captcha_cod.value === ""){
        alert('Informe o codigo captcha!');
        document.getElementById('captcha_cod').focus();
        return false;
    }
    if(document.FormCaptcha.captcha_cod.value.length < '6'){
        alert('O codigo captcha possui 6 digitos!');
        document.getElementById('captcha_cod').focus();
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
::: Tabela do banco de dados :::

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_captcha CASCADE;

CREATE TABLE tb_captcha
(
  captcha_id integer NOT NULL, -- Id do registro dos dados do sistema
  captcha_cod character varying, -- Código captcha
  captcha_data date, -- Data de alteração
  CONSTRAINT captcha_id PRIMARY KEY (captcha_id)
)
WITH (OIDS=FALSE);

COMMENT ON TABLE tb_captcha IS 'Dados do sistema, informações gerais';
COMMENT ON COLUMN tb_captcha.captcha_id IS 'Id do registro dos dados do sistema';
COMMENT ON COLUMN tb_captcha.captcha_cod IS 'Código captcha';
COMMENT ON COLUMN tb_captcha.captcha_data IS 'Data de alteração';

INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (1, '0880A2', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (2, 'A7D3E4', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (3, '765C4B', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (4, '2B7C80', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (5, '323FD0', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (6, '967F69', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (7, 'A79653', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (8, 'FE42A3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (9, 'D2A67C', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (10, 'C27EC0', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (11, '304C6B', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (12, '823F10', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (13, 'DA599E', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (14, '1199D9', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (15, 'DDE76B', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (16, '4D7BA5', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (17, '749E4E', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (18, 'DBB6E9', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (19, '69380A', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (20, 'D5A082', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (21, '4403DC', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (22, '73570A', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (23, '61E5B0', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (24, '6FCE3C', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (25, '8AC22D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (26, 'C4DBA5', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (27, '47DBD6', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (28, 'C50453', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (29, '484B1F', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (30, 'DEB59D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (31, 'DC3EA6', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (32, 'BA46E1', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (33, 'A335E1', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (34, 'F39EF0', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (35, '3923B9', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (36, '2D794C', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (37, '991AA2', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (38, 'F4F648', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (39, 'AE5E8F', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (40, '811C71', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (41, '002C60', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (42, '7D7CC3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (43, '3A480A', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (44, '979E0F', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (45, '5D7379', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (46, '2D7E9D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (47, '075FB7', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (48, 'C3F1D7', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (49, 'CC9C8A', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (50, '24086C', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (51, 'C8CDC8', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (52, '072CCE', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (53, '285DE3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (54, '0B9586', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (55, 'AC47E0', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (56, '59B8BD', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (57, '4CE688', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (58, 'CBABA3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (59, '363435', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (60, '55717A', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (61, '60199D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (62, 'BAF01B', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (63, 'AFE56E', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (64, '11E096', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (65, '717695', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (66, 'F01062', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (67, '18DC86', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (68, '63420D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (69, '94F9F5', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (70, '04893A', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (71, '02F6C3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (72, '2B906C', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (73, 'E553B6', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (74, '8ECF62', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (75, 'C77C40', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (76, 'B2C017', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (77, '10C9E4', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (78, '0FCE1B', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (79, 'E7A71E', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (80, '18FD78', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (81, '77C4F3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (82, '3CEA7C', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (83, '9D5611', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (84, 'BD7D5F', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (85, 'D2A9E3', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (86, 'FDF115', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (87, '12C1FB', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (88, '0BBFCF', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (89, 'F45DBE', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (90, '5A2EE5', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (91, '62CA57', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (92, '1B6F5B', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (93, '8B2C7D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (94, '1CD166', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (95, '130DEF', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (96, '91ED08', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (97, 'C3807D', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (98, 'E3599F', '2014-12-31');
INSERT INTO tb_captcha (captcha_id, captcha_cod, captcha_data) VALUES (99, 'A9BFBB', '2014-12-31');

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